// 简单 RESTful 示例
header("Content-Type: application/json");
header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *");

$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
$request = explode('/', trim($_SERVER['PATH_INFO'], '/'));

switch ($method) {
    case 'GET':
        // 获取资源
        echo json_encode(['data' => '获取资源']);
        break;
    case 'POST':
        // 创建资源
        $input = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
        echo json_encode(['data' => $input]);
        break;
    case 'PUT':
        // 更新资源
        break;
    case 'DELETE':
        // 删除资源
        break;
    default:
        http_response_code(405);
        echo json_encode(['error' => '方法不允许']);
}

// routes/api.php
Route::apiResource('products', ProductController::class);

// app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php
class ProductController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        return response()->json(Product::all());
    }
  
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $product = Product::create($request->all());
        return response()->json($product, 201);
    }
  
    // 其他方法...
}

namespace App\Controller;
 
use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\Controller;
use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\RequestMapping;
use Hyperf\HttpServer\Contract\RequestInterface;
use Hyperf\HttpServer\Contract\ResponseInterface;
use App\Model\User;
 
#[Controller(prefix: "/users")]
class UserController
{
    #[RequestMapping(path: "", methods: "get")]
    public function index(RequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return $response->json($users);
    }
 
    #[RequestMapping(path: "{id:\d+}", methods: "get")]
    public function show($id, ResponseInterface $response)
    {
        $user = User::find($id);
        return $response->json($user);
    }
 
    #[RequestMapping(path: "", methods: "post")]
    public function store(RequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response)
    {
        $user = User::create($request->all());
        return $response->json($user)->withStatus(201);
    }
 
    #[RequestMapping(path: "{id:\d+}", methods: "put")]
    public function update($id, RequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response)
    {
        $user = User::findOrFail($id);
        $user->update($request->all());
        return $response->json($user);
    }
 
    #[RequestMapping(path: "{id:\d+}", methods: "delete")]
    public function destroy($id, ResponseInterface $response)
    {
        User::findOrFail($id)->delete();
        return $response->json(null)->withStatus(204);
    }
}

composer require firebase/php-jwt

use Firebase\JWT\JWT;
use Firebase\JWT\Key;

// 密钥，应该存储在安全的地方
$secretKey = 'your-secret-key';

// 用户登录成功后生成令牌
function generateJWT($userId) {
    global $secretKey;
  
    $issuedAt = time();
    $expirationTime = $issuedAt + 3600; // 1小时后过期
  
    $payload = [
        'iat' => $issuedAt,         // 签发时间
        'exp' => $expirationTime,   // 过期时间
        'sub' => $userId            // 用户ID
    ];
  
    return JWT::encode($payload, $secretKey, 'HS256');
}

function validateJWT($jwt) {
    global $secretKey;
  
    try {
        $decoded = JWT::decode($jwt, new Key($secretKey, 'HS256'));
        return (array) $decoded;
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        // 处理各种异常情况
        return false;
    }
}

// 假设用户认证成功
$userId = 123;
$token = generateJWT($userId);

echo json_encode(['token' => $token]);

// 获取Authorization头
$headers = getallheaders();
$authHeader = $headers['Authorization'] ?? '';

if (preg_match('/Bearer\s(\S+)/', $authHeader, $matches)) {
    $jwt = $matches[1];
    $decoded = validateJWT($jwt);
  
    if ($decoded) {
        // 令牌有效，继续处理请求
        $userId = $decoded['sub'];
        // 你的业务逻辑...
    } else {
        http_response_code(401);
        echo json_encode(['error' => 'Invalid or expired token']);
        exit;
    }
} else {
    http_response_code(401);
    echo json_encode(['error' => 'Token not found']);
    exit;
}

$payload = [
    'iat' => time(),
    'exp' => time() + 3600,
    'sub' => $userId,
    'role' => 'admin',  // 自定义声明
    'custom' => 'data'  // 更多自定义数据
];

// 生成令牌
$privateKey = file_get_contents('/path/to/private.key');
$token = JWT::encode($payload, $privateKey, 'RS256');

// 验证令牌
$publicKey = file_get_contents('/path/to/public.key');
$decoded = JWT::decode($token, new Key($publicKey, 'RS256'));

// 获取分页参数
$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? (int)$_GET['page'] : 1;
$perPage = isset($_GET['per_page']) ? (int)$_GET['per_page'] : 10;

// 确保最小值
$page = max($page, 1);
$perPage = max($perPage, 1);
$perPage = min($perPage, 100); // 限制每页最大数量

// 计算偏移量
$offset = ($page - 1) * $perPage;

// 数据库查询
$items = $db->query("SELECT * FROM items LIMIT $offset, $perPage");
$total = $db->query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items")->fetchColumn();

// 构建响应
$response = [
    'data' => $items,
    'pagination' => [
        'total' => $total,
        'per_page' => $perPage,
        'current_page' => $page,
        'last_page' => ceil($total / $perPage),
    ]
];

// 添加分页链接头
header("Link: <{$baseUrl}?page=".($page+1).">; rel=\"next\"");
header("Link: <{$baseUrl}?page=".($page-1).">; rel=\"prev\"");

// 使用文件缓存示例
function getCachedData($key, $callback, $ttl = 3600) {
    $cacheDir = __DIR__ . '/cache/';
    $cacheFile = $cacheDir . md5($key) . '.cache';
  
    if (file_exists($cacheFile) && (time() - filemtime($cacheFile)) < $ttl) {
        return unserialize(file_get_contents($cacheFile));
    }
  
    $data = call_user_func($callback);
    file_put_contents($cacheFile, serialize($data));
    return $data;
}

// 使用示例
$data = getCachedData('api_items_page_' . $page, function() use ($db, $offset, $perPage) {
    return $db->query("SELECT * FROM items LIMIT $offset, $perPage")->fetchAll();
}, 300); // 5分钟缓存

// Redis缓存示例
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

$cacheKey = 'api:items:page:' . $page;
if ($redis->exists($cacheKey)) {
    return json_decode($redis->get($cacheKey), true);
}

// 生成数据
$data = generateData();

// 存储到Redis，设置1小时过期
$redis->setex($cacheKey, 3600, json_encode($data));
return $data;

// 设置缓存头
header("Cache-Control: public, max-age=3600"); // 1小时缓存
header("Expires: " . gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', time() + 3600) . ' GMT');
header("Last-Modified: " . gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', filemtime($dataFile)) . ' GMT');
header("ETag: " . md5_file($dataFile));

// 检查ETag或Last-Modified
$etag = md5(json_encode($data));
header("ETag: $etag");

if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'] == $etag) {
    header('HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified');
    exit;
}

// 综合分页和缓存的API端点示例
function getItems($page = 1, $perPage = 10) {
    // 生成缓存键
    $cacheKey = "api_items_{$page}_{$perPage}";
  
    // 尝试从缓存获取
    $cache = new RedisCache(); // 假设有Redis缓存实现
    if ($data = $cache->get($cacheKey)) {
        return $data;
    }
  
    // 计算分页
    $offset = ($page - 1) * $perPage;
  
    // 数据库查询
    $db = new PDO(...);
    $items = $db->query("SELECT * FROM items LIMIT $offset, $perPage")->fetchAll();
    $total = $db->query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items")->fetchColumn();
  
    // 构建响应
    $response = [
        'data' => $items,
        'pagination' => [
            'total' => $total,
            'per_page' => $perPage,
            'current_page' => $page,
            'last_page' => ceil($total / $perPage),
        ]
    ];
  
    // 设置缓存 (5分钟)
    $cache->set($cacheKey, $response, 300);
  
    // 设置HTTP缓存头
    header("Cache-Control: public, max-age=300");
  
    return $response;
}